[CXF REST标准实战系列] 一、JAXB xml与javaBean的转换
Writer:BYSocket(泥沙砖瓦浆木匠)
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文章Points:
1、不认识到犯错,然后得到永久的教训。
2、认识JAXB
3、代码实战
1、不认识到犯错,然后得到永久的教训。
也不是所谓的教训吧,真正的教训来自于对错误的剖析理解很深刻。然后有种“吃一堑,长一智”的感觉才叫教训。近日和团队工头们用CXF3.0和Spring4.0开发一个平台,模仿着第三方支付,用xml进行数据交互。
因此,搜了下。果断用了dom4j,用自己键盘papa打了个叫做XmlOjbUtil的工具类。后来百度下,虽然不是万能的百度。但也要表扬下,发现人家搭着REST的CXF却集成了Jaxb。
果断抛弃了!(有时候决定就需要这么果断。)
先做个铺垫,我们先说下一些知识点:
CXF实现webService项目,有两种模式可以开发。Jax-ws实现经典的Web Service和Jax-rs实现REST标准。在Java EE 5/6中,Jaxb可以方便地集成,负责xml与JavaBean的映射。其实Jaxb也可以作为xml解析的一种技术。
2、认识JAXB
JAXB(Java Architecture for XML Binding)是根据XML Schema映射到JavaBean的技术。过程中,JAXB将XML实例文档反向生成Java对象树的方法,并能将Java对象树的内容重新写到 XML实例文档。
在JDK1.6时,JAXB 2.0是JDK 1.6的组成部分。JAXB 2.2.3是JDK 1.7的组成部分。
提前修一下文档知识吧:
JDK中JAXB相关的重要Class和Interface:
1、JAXBContext类,是应用的入口,用于管理XML/Java绑定信息。
2、Marshaller接口,将Java对象序列化为XML数据。
3、Unmarshaller接口,将XML数据反序列化为Java对象。
JDK中JAXB相关的重要Annotation:
1、@XmlType,将Java类或枚举类型映射到XML模式类型
2、@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD) ,控制字段或属性的序列化。FIELD表示JAXB将自动绑定Java类中的每个非静态的(static)、非瞬态的(由@XmlTransient标注)字段到XML。其他值还有XmlAccessType.PROPERTY和XmlAccessType.NONE。
3、@XmlAccessorOrder,控制JAXB 绑定类中属性和字段的排序。
4、@XmlJavaTypeAdapter,使用定制的适配器(即扩展抽象类XmlAdapter并覆盖marshal()和unmarshal()方法),以序列化Java类为XML。
5、@XmlElementWrapper ,对于数组或集合(即包含多个元素的成员变量),生成一个包装该数组或集合的XML元素(称为包装器)。
6、@XmlRootElement,将Java类或枚举类型映射到XML元素。
7、@XmlElement,将Java类的一个属性映射到与属性同名的一个XML元素。
8、@XmlAttribute,将Java类的一个属性映射到与属性同名的一个XML属性。
3、代码实战
我们既然要设计报文,所以我这边拿出来一个注册的Bean的设计。首先我们设计注册的Bean,代码如下:
DataBean.java
package com.xidian.wq.imaopay.model.mesdata.base; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement; /** * * @author BYSocket * 报文头-[报文基础信息] */ @XmlRootElement(name="data_bean") public class DataBean { // 版本信息(data_version) String version; ////消息类型(data_type) // 000001 - 注册[个人信息Post|Respose] // 000002 - 绑定银行卡[首次绑定,保存个人信息] // 000003 - 绑定银行卡[二次,校验个人信息] // 100001 - 支付[钱包支付] // 100002 - 查询 // 200001 String data_type; ////订单编号(order_id) // 总长20位, 有字母要用大写 String batch_no; // 平台账号(platform_account) String user_name; ////请求状态 // 000 String trans_state; // 签名信息(msg_sign) String msg_sign; // 时间戳(randomTime) private String rd_time; // 随机数(randomNum) private String rd_num; // 密钥(keySign) private String k_sign; // 保留域 String reserve; public String getVersion() { return version; } public void setVersion(String version) { this.version = version; } public String getData_type() { return data_type; } public void setData_type(String data_type) { this.data_type = data_type; } public String getBatch_no() { return batch_no; } public void setBatch_no(String batch_no) { this.batch_no = batch_no; } public String getUser_name() { return user_name; } public void setUser_name(String user_name) { this.user_name = user_name; } public String getTrans_state() { return trans_state; } public void setTrans_state(String trans_state) { this.trans_state = trans_state; } public String getMsg_sign() { return msg_sign; } public void setMsg_sign(String msg_sign) { this.msg_sign = msg_sign; } public String getRd_time() { return rd_time; } public void setRd_time(String rd_time) { this.rd_time = rd_time; } public String getRd_num() { return rd_num; } public void setRd_num(String rd_num) { this.rd_num = rd_num; } public String getK_sign() { return k_sign; } public void setK_sign(String k_sign) { this.k_sign = k_sign; } public String getReserve() { return reserve; } public void setReserve(String reserve) { this.reserve = reserve; } }
RegBean.java
package com.xidian.wq.imaopay.model.mesdata.base; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement; /** * * @author BYSocket * 报文体-[用户注册报文体信息] */ @XmlRootElement(name="reg_bean") public class RegBean { // 注册报文体流水号(reg_data_sn) private String reg_sn; ////用户编号(user_info_id) // 业务系统的用户编号只做记录不在支付系统中逻辑处理 private Integer user_id; // 注册账号(reg_account) private String reg_no; // 注册途径(reg_way) private String reg_way; // 保留域 private String reserve; ////提交日期(set_time) // 业务系统上传 private String set_time; // 后台信息返回路径(return_url) private String ret_url; // 备注 String remarks; public String getReg_sn() { return reg_sn; } public void setReg_sn(String reg_sn) { this.reg_sn = reg_sn; } public Integer getUser_id() { return user_id; } public void setUser_id(Integer user_id) { this.user_id = user_id; } public String getReg_no() { return reg_no; } public void setReg_no(String reg_no) { this.reg_no = reg_no; } public String getReg_way() { return reg_way; } public void setReg_way(String reg_way) { this.reg_way = reg_way; } public String getReserve() { return reserve; } public void setReserve(String reserve) { this.reserve = reserve; } public String getSet_time() { return set_time; } public void setSet_time(String set_time) { this.set_time = set_time; } public String getRet_url() { return ret_url; } public void setRet_url(String ret_url) { this.ret_url = ret_url; } public String getRemarks() { return remarks; } public void setRemarks(String remarks) { this.remarks = remarks; } }
注册报文体MsgRegBean.java,支持内容的列表。
package com.xidian.wq.imaopay.model.mesdata; import java.util.List; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElementWrapper; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement; import com.xidian.wq.imaopay.model.mesdata.base.DataBean; import com.xidian.wq.imaopay.model.mesdata.base.RegBean; @XmlRootElement( name = "msg_bean" ) public class MsgRegBean { private DataBean dataBean; private List<RegBean> regBeans; public DataBean getDataBean() { return dataBean; } @XmlElement(name = "data_bean") public void setDataBean(DataBean dataBean) { this.dataBean = dataBean; } @XmlElementWrapper(name = "reg_beans") @XmlElement(name = "reg_bean") public List<RegBean> getRegBeans() { return regBeans; } public void setRegBeans(List<RegBean> regBeans) { this.regBeans = regBeans; } }
然后针对的我们用Jaxb实现一个转换的Util类:
package com.xidian.wq.imaopay.util; import java.io.StringReader; import java.io.StringWriter; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext; import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException; import javax.xml.bind.Marshaller; import javax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import com.xidian.wq.imaopay.model.mesdata.MsgRegBean; import com.xidian.wq.imaopay.model.mesdata.base.DataBean; import com.xidian.wq.imaopay.model.mesdata.base.RegBean; /** * * @author BYSocket * Jaxb2.0 处理Xml与Object转换 * */ public class JaxbObjectAndXmlUtil { /** * @param xmlStr 字符串 * @param c 对象Class类型 * @return 对象实例 */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static <T> T xml2Object(String xmlStr,Class<T> c) { try { JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(c); Unmarshaller unmarshaller = context.createUnmarshaller(); T t = (T) unmarshaller.unmarshal(new StringReader(xmlStr)); return t; } catch (JAXBException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } } /** * @param object 对象 * @return 返回xmlStr */ public static String object2Xml(Object object) { try { StringWriter writer = new StringWriter(); JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(object.getClass()); Marshaller marshal = context.createMarshaller(); marshal.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, true); // 格式化输出 marshal.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_ENCODING, "UTF-8");// 编码格式,默认为utf-8 marshal.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FRAGMENT, false);// 是否省略xml头信息 marshal.setProperty("jaxb.encoding", "utf-8"); marshal.marshal(object,writer); return new String(writer.getBuffer()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return null;} } public static void main(String[] args) { /** 构造测试报文头对象 */ DataBean dataBean = new DataBean(); dataBean.setBatch_no("N20150204"); dataBean.setData_type("000001"); dataBean.setVersion("v1.0"); dataBean.setUser_name("xx"); dataBean.setMsg_sign("未知"); dataBean.setRd_num("6631383"); dataBean.setRd_time("20150204"); dataBean.setK_sign("75CC479AAC09F00BA28F0E968B1BC9D1B90ADCC2"); /** 构造测试报文体对象 */ RegBean regBean = new RegBean(); regBean.setReg_sn("REG20150204"); regBean.setUser_id(12); regBean.setReg_no("33"); regBean.setReg_way("pc"); regBean.setSet_time("20150204 16:18"); regBean.setRet_url("未知"); regBean.setRemarks("无备注"); MsgRegBean msgBean = new MsgRegBean(); List<RegBean> regBeans = new ArrayList<RegBean>(); regBeans.add(regBean); regBeans.add(regBean); msgBean.setRegBeans(regBeans); msgBean.setDataBean(dataBean); String xmlStr = JaxbObjectAndXmlUtil.object2Xml(msgBean);//构造报文 XML 格式的字符串 System.out.println("对象转xml报文: \n"+xmlStr); MsgRegBean msgBean2 = JaxbObjectAndXmlUtil.xml2Object(xmlStr, MsgRegBean.class); System.out.println("报文转xml转: \n"+JSON.toJSONString(msgBean2)); } }
运行下测试main函数,可以得到如下的输出:
对象转xml报文: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?> <msg_bean> <data_bean> <batch_no>N20150204</batch_no> <data_type>000001</data_type> <k_sign>75CC479AAC09F00BA28F0E968B1BC9D1B90ADCC2</k_sign> <msg_sign>未知</msg_sign> <rd_num>6631383</rd_num> <rd_time>20150204</rd_time> <user_name>xx</user_name> <version>v1.0</version> </data_bean> <reg_beans> <reg_bean> <reg_no>33</reg_no> <reg_sn>REG20150204</reg_sn> <reg_way>pc</reg_way> <remarks>无备注</remarks> <ret_url>未知</ret_url> <set_time>20150204 16:18</set_time> <user_id>12</user_id> </reg_bean> <reg_bean> <reg_no>33</reg_no> <reg_sn>REG20150204</reg_sn> <reg_way>pc</reg_way> <remarks>无备注</remarks> <ret_url>未知</ret_url> <set_time>20150204 16:18</set_time> <user_id>12</user_id> </reg_bean> </reg_beans> </msg_bean> 报文转xml转: {"dataBean":{"batch_no":"N20150204","data_type":"000001","k_sign":"75CC479AAC09F00BA28F0E968B1BC9D1B90ADCC2","msg_sign":"未知","rd_num":"6631383","rd_time":"20150204","user_name":"xx","version":"v1.0"},"regBeans":[{"reg_no":"33","reg_sn":"REG20150204","reg_way":"pc","remarks":"无备注","ret_url":"未知","set_time":"20150204 16:18","user_id":12},{"reg_no":"33","reg_sn":"REG20150204","reg_way":"pc","remarks":"无备注","ret_url":"未知","set_time":"20150204 16:18","user_id":12}]}
代码中间注意点:
Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT :决定是否在转换成xml时同时进行格式化(即按标签自动换行,否则即是一行的xml) 。
Marshaller.JAXB_ENCODING :xml的编码方式。
Marshaller.JAXB_FRAGMENT :是否省略xml头信息
marshal.setProperty("jaxb.encoding", "utf-8"); : 设置编码格式 utf-8
(本文完)